TWST: Could we start out with a history and overview of Cal Dive?Mr. Kratz: The original Cal Dive of the 1960s, through mergers and
acquisitions, became what is today Oceaneering. In 1980 the management
separated from Oceaneering and re-formed Cal Dive. Cal Dive was sold to
a Minnesota gas utility company, Diversified Energy, in 1983. The
current management came into leadership around 1987/1988. Current
management lead an 11-to-1 LBO in 1990 to acquire the company (from
Diversified Energy). Merrill Lynch was our financial partner at the
time, providing all of the holding a 45% equity position. We bought
Merrill Lynch out in 1993, and then sold 50% of the company to First
Reserve Corporation in 1995, to raise the capital to launch our
deepwater program. From there, we bought the Balmoral Sea, Witch Queen
and the Uncle John, the first DP vessels in the Gulf of Mexico. Cal Dive
went public in 1997, further expanding. I think that pretty much brings
us up to date.TWST: How would you describe the business today?Mr. Kratz: Cal Dive is a very unique contractor. I would characterize us
as a niche contractor in the oil and gas industry. We have three primary
segments. One is the man diving in shallower waters, the outer-
continental shelf construction work. Second, we have the deepwater
program, which starts off with our core capability of construction,
along with the current building of a strong well intervention
completions team for deepwater. The third leg is something very unique
to Cal Dive, which is ERT, our production company.TWST: How does the business break down among the three parts?Mr. Kratz: It varies, depending on where we are in the industry's cycle.
We got into producing by way of our abandonment services in 1988. Cal
Dive is an abandonment contractor in the shallower waters, the OCS. We
take leases, instead of contracting for the abandonment of the marginal
fields, or sunset properties, on a turnkey basis.Mr. Pursell (CFO): This year, projections show each of those three
segments contributing close to one-third of Cal Dive's total revenues
with the deepwater segment outpacing the other two beginning in 2002.TWST: Typically, who are the customers who you service?Mr. Kratz: On the production side, most of our deals have been with the
majors. On the deepwater contracting, it is both with the majors for
life-of-field type services, and then primarily with other contractors
in support of EPIC construction development work. On the continental
shelf over the past few years, we have evolved to being more of a
general contractor, working directly for the producers.TWST: Do you have competition in these businesses.Mr. Kratz: Throughout our history, Cal Dive has a track record of
innovation. We are constantly forward-looking at client needs for market
niches that are unoccupied. We then acquire assets that derive their
base utilization from niches we are currently in, but also have the
capability to move into those new niches. As a result, in our core work
we, of course, have competition, but often we are cutting new ground
into new areas. For instance, on well intervention in deepwater, right
now we stand basically unopposed. Cal Dive is the solution in deepwater.
The Uncle John, for instance, is the only vessel of its kind in the Gulf
of Mexico, and the Q4000 is certainly a revolutionary new vessel. But to
get more to your point, among the contractors that compete in the Gulf
of Mexico, Stolt Comex is probably our prime competitor.TWST: How big is this market?Mr. Kratz: The forecast certainly has the fundamentals showing to be
stronger than perhaps ever in our history. It is estimated that $15-$18
billion will be spent developing just the deepwater Gulf in the years
2001-2004. I think over the last couple of decades, though, there's been
a great loss of infrastructure in our industry that's going to take time
to rebuild before we fully see the demand for our services . That spells
good things for us. For example, since 1982 personnel in the industry
have dropped from 700,000 down to something like 300,000. So there's
been a huge loss of people. That takes time to rebuild. Additionally,
the sector's assets were primarily all built in the 1970s and early
1980s. With the new dynamics in ultra-deepwater, a new class of assets
is required. We're now building the Q4000, but there's going to have to
be others. Right now, you have over 140 discoveries in the Gulf of
Mexico that exist and that are undeveloped. It's a huge backlog. Some
factors that are holding them up coming into production include
technology that is just now coming to the forefront to be able to go
into the deepwaters. The capital reinvestment rate of the producers is
still historically low, and just now starting to tick upwards. Wall
Street is expecting a higher return on capital for producers today, and
therefore the capital allocation has been going more toward stock
repurchasing and balance sheet repair. The last five years has seen a
tremendous amount of merger activity among the producers, and that's
created a certain stagnation on projects. The commodity price is coming
off of a period where there was a lot of doom and gloom. There is still
a lot of uncertainty about whether or not it's going to remain high, and
that's caused a lot of delay. So I think the ramp-up, in our view, is
not going to be the hockey stick traditionally seen in our industry, but
more of a slow, progressive build-up over the next three to four years.TWST: But doesn't that give you time to adjust and be ready for it?Mr. Kratz: Oh, I think it's a very good thing for Cal Dive. We're a
relatively small contractor with big aspirations. So the slower the
build-up, the better for us.TWST: What are the plans for the next couple of years in terms of
getting ready to meet these needs?Mr. Kratz: Obviously, our focus on deepwater is where the greatest
growth potential is expected. But we also don't want to forget our core
business. As others are turning their back on the shelf, we're actually
expanding our presence there. Abandonment, right now, may be a little
slow because of the higher commodity prices, but we do expect that to
reverse, and it will be an avalanche of backlogged work. So we are going
to be focusing on maintaining our position in the shallower waters. In
the deepwater, I think we have some clear goals. Number one, we want to
be a life-of-field contractor. It's the less-cyclical and the longer-
duration work in the deepwater. When you look at life-of-field, you're
talking about well intervention. It's our aspiration with our new assets
to not only be a leading construction contractor, but also focus on well
intervention and completion. Right now the industry is going into a big
development construction phase. Most of that contracting is done on an
EPIC basis. We don't view ourselves as an EPIC-style contractor. We are
a supporting contractor of other construction contractors, as well as
uniquely participating in support of drilling.TWST: Now, define 'EPIC' for us.Mr. Kratz: EPIC stands for Engineering, Procurement, Installation and
Commissioning. A contractor takes greater responsibility for the design
and engineering of development projects. We are not an engineering
house, and we don't wish to expose our balance sheet to taking on the
risks involved with projects of that magnitude. So as a result, our
participation in this current development phase will be more of what we
call a contractor's contractor ' providing support to the larger
contractors that don't have the available assets in the Gulf of Mexico,
or, more often, when Cal Dive is the cost-effective solution.TWST: Are there opportunities beyond the Gulf, or is that where you're
going to really concentrate your attentions?Mr. Kratz: Our view four years ago was that geographic expansion is
three-dimensional, not two-dimensional. We were going to develop the
deepwater methodologies first before going global. The reason for that
is if we were to expand globally right now, we would just have to steal
market share, which I think is a very low-margin way to grow. By
developing the new methodologies in the ultra-deep, where the Gulf of
Mexico is becoming the leader, we'll then have a differentiated product
line to then seek global expansion. That next step is actually coming a
lot faster than we anticipated. With what we've done in the Gulf of
Mexico to date, people are starting to solicit our involvement, both in
West Africa and Brazil. So with the Q4000, I think you could see that
develop very rapidly into a global strategy.TWST: You've mentioned the Q4000. Is that a new vessel that you're
putting together?Mr. Kratz: Yes. It's a $150,000,000 dynamically-positioned semi-
submersible. Very similar to the Uncle John, which is the premier
construction vessel in the Gulf of Mexico, yet on a much larger scale.
It's the first vessel that's specifically been designed to do well
intervention as well as construction work in a full 10,000-foot water
depth.TWST: Nobody else has that capability?Mr. Kratz: Not right now. You have seen Coflexip with the Deep Blue,
they're coming out at the same time, but that vessel is primarily for
pipe lay, whereas our vessel concentrates more on completion and well
intervention work. Then you have Saibos, with their field development
vessel, which again, is primarily a pipe lay asset. So, right now we're
running alone. Prior to the downturn that we've been in the last two
years, there were a lot of concepts on the board. We were the ones that
pulled the trigger and began construction. Everyone else pulled back, so
I'd say that's allowed us to have at least a two-year head start here.
In addition to that advantage, Cal Dive has operated the Uncle John with
well intervention capability for the past four years as essentially a
trial horse. What we have learned in that time is invaluable. I might
mention this: the Q4000 is being built in Brownsville, Texas, under a US
flag, which is probably unique for a vessel of her type. She is due for
delivery in July and we plan to have her working by the fourth quarter.
We will be earning revenues starting in the fourth quarter. The capital
budget was $150 million ' it was that four years ago, and thank goodness
it's still that today.TWST: Any additions on the boards for construction?Mr. Kratz: We currently have the Sea Sorceress, which is another vessel,
in the Bender shipyard in Alabama, undergoing conversion to full DP. Up
until now we've had the Uncle John, a semi-submersible, working with the
Witch Queen, a monohull, which is a very good tandem. When you view the
Q4000 coming out as a new semi-submersible, the Sea Sorceress is a 380-
foot long, 110-foot wide monohull, so it will make a great tandem
workhorse along with the Q4000.TWST: If we put all this together, what kind of growth should you be
able to generate over the next two or three years?Mr. Pursell: What we're looking at right now, and where the analyst
consensus is, is close to $1.00 per share this year. Next year, we're
showing about $1.50 with the increase coming from the addition of the
Q4000 and Sea Sorceress for the full year. The following year, 2003, the
analysts have us up to $2.50, and some a little higher than that,
primarily because of production from the Gunnison prospect coming online
which we should spend a little time talking about.TWST: Since that's coming on, what is that about?Mr. Kratz: The concept that we developed with ERT, our production
company in the shallow water, was to take production equity positions
when there is associated contracting work. We wanted to try to apply
that concept as an enabler to derive contracting work in the deepwater.
We took the concept to a select number of clients that if we could
combine interests by being an equity partner in the reservoir, the
common interest would then be to maximize the value of the reservoir and
avoid the traditional adversarial relationship. The producer could then
feel confident about giving us the contracting work. Kerr-McGee allowed
us to do this. We took a 20% working interest in a 3,000-foot water
depth project with them called Gunnison. In return, we get the
contracting work for a major portion of the development work. It was a
tremendous success. The estimated net income from the production in its
first full year of producing is estimated to be around $40 million. So
that's a huge influx of growth capital for Cal Dive. You can see it also
gives us sort of an in-house financing means to consider future
additions to the Q4000-type fleet.TWST: So a new approach seems to be working.Mr. Kratz: Yes. It also gives us a degree of confidence about the Q4000
being profitable as soon as she comes out, because all of the Gunnison
work becomes a natural backlog for the vessel.TWST: Are there other projects like that available to you?Mr. Kratz: When we went into it, we certainly tried to set it up as a
repeatable model. Cal Dive doesn't take exploration risks. We formed a
limited partnership to fund the exploration side of the cost, while
shielding shareholders from exploration risk. Cal Dive only steps in
once the reserves are proven, and there's a known development cost. Out
of the proceeds that the exploration partnership gets, there's a 15%
set-aside of those revenues to be used by ERT again in pursuing other
exploration opportunities like this, but providing shielding for the Cal
Dive shareholders. We certainly do see it as a repeatable model.
Personally, I think if we could do one of these about every other year '
well, you can take the $40 million in net income and extrapolate what
the results would be, because it's cumulative.TWST: It would be interesting.Mr. Kratz: Yes. We're looking forward to it. And certainly, with what
we've done on Gunnison, it's created a lot of attention, and we have a
number of producers that are talking to us.TWST: Do you have any interest in growing through acquisition at all, or
are you just happy doing what you're doing at this point?Mr. Kratz: I think it's a rare day that one plus one ever equals three,
much less two. So our preference for growth is organic. I think that's
what we've shown to be best at. There are benefits to a strategic
acquisition right now, but it would have to be the right one at the
right price. The benefits would include a larger balance sheet which
would expose us to a broader range of project opportunities, and it
would also allow us to maybe accelerate our growth plans to better
capitalize on current opportunities.TWST: Are there some businesses you would like to be in that you're not
in today?Mr. Kratz: I think eventually we need in-house robotic capability. We
have minimal capability right now. That would be one area. Other than
that, I think we've got a pretty nice toy box right now.TWST: You mentioned the balance sheet a couple of times. What does it
look like today?Mr. Pursell: We're presently at about $350 million total assets, with a
couple hundred million of shareholders' equity. We only have $40 million
of debt outstanding right now. Regarding the Q4000, part of the
advantage of building it here in the United States is that we were able
to get very favorable financing through the Title XI Program of the
Maritime Administration (MARAD), such that we have a commitment from
MARAD to finance 87.5% of its total cost over 25 years at very favorable
rates, which are presently in the 6.5% range. To date, we've spent over
$100 million on the construction cost of the vessel, and we've only
drawn down $40 million of the debt available, and we presently have more
than that in cash on our balance sheet. So we believe our balance sheet
is in good shape right now.TWST: So that works for you.Mr. Pursell: Yes.Mr. Kratz: Martin might speak more about the future. Martin could
probably bring you up to speed on what we're seeing specifically during
this year.Mr. Ferron (President & COO): We've gotten off to a good start. Our
earnings for the first quarter exceeded estimates. And what's driving
that is a very quick ramp-up in activity both on the shelf and shallow
water and in deepwater. I think it's caught most people by surprise how
quickly projects have come to the fore. Therefore, utilizations for our
vessels have followed suit. Certainly on the shelf, the signs are
extremely encouraging ' with gas prices at $5.00, customers are looking
to develop reservoirs quickly. We saw last week in the lease sale that
there's a very keen interest in shallow water blocks. Customers said
that the reason they were taking that interest was they felt that they
could very quickly bring on production. So that should be good for us.
If a customer decides to develop a reservoir within three to six months,
that means that we can get earnings within that period. In the
deepwater, we're seeing a ramp-up in projects, although their lead times
are much longer. We're in the bidding phase for some huge projects,
which are going to kick in next year and the year after. When I say
'huge,' some of these projects are going to be $100 million-plus type
jobs, which are perfectly suited for the assets that we're building,
Q4000 and the Sea Sorceress. But in the meantime, in deepwater, we're
still managing to make a good living, both on the well intervention and
the construction sides of our business. Mexico, in particular, has been
a very good market for us last year and this year. A lot of development
work is going on in that area, which will sort of dovetail into the
pickup in demand here in the Gulf. So, overall, the increase in activity
is very encouraging.TWST: You're giving all this good news. Is that reflected in the stock
price at this point?Mr. Kratz: Of course not. I think our stock has been beaten up here
lately.TWST: Why?Mr. Ferron: There was a genuine large decline in the OSX (the overall
index for all service companies). There are concerns about OPEC
compliance, and the prospect of reducing Asian demand is a big issue,
and just the general concern in the marketplace for investments right
now. I think the OSX has previously held up there pretty well. Wide
volatility is what we're seeing right now, I think.TWST: Do you think the market understands your potential over the next
two or three years?Mr. Kratz: Not fully. We've been trying over the last couple of years to
very slowly enlighten the investment community as to what it is that we
do, because it is so unique. The concept of production contracting is
not brand new. There are a lot of companies that do similar kinds of
contracting, but they're very quiet about it. We are probably the first
to really come out and say 'this is what we're trying to do, and why
we're trying to do it.' But it does represent what could become a new
contracting standard. We've garnered a lot of acceptance from those fund
managers that know us fairly well, and, in fact, I think if you look
back when we first started production contracting back in 1992, we have
a long track record of successfully pulling it off. We have delivered a
29% average return on invested capital over the last eight years. It was
very misunderstood at that time, when we took the abandonment
liabilities in exchange for the properties. That has now become the
standard method in our industry for how abandonment work is done. You
have several of the abandonment companies doing that. It would be my
prediction that five years from now, what you've seen us do on Gunnison
and what we'll continue to do could well become a standard five years
from now.TWST: If you were sitting down with some potential longer-term investors
today, what two or three reasons would you give them to take a look at
your company?Mr. Kratz: Cal Dive is an innovative, groundbreaking company, which
would imply risk. But I think if you look at the strategic way that we
go about our incremental growth, it's very risk-averse. A lot of our
strategies have to do with hedging our bets. In fact, the reason we got
into abandonment and production in the first place is as a hedge.
Production, for instance, works as a revenue-smoother through the
downturns, which you've seen this last year. It provides us the
financial strength and balance sheet to avoid 'bad contracting,' for no
other way of putting it, that you might see here at the beginning of an
upturn, where there's excess capacity, and everyone's scrambling for the
same jobs. So we're risk-averse; we're hedged. We perhaps give up some
of the explosiveness in the upturns, but we're a very defensive play in
the downturns. But the growth potential for Cal Dive, when you consider
what production contracting can mean, combined with multiple paths of
the Q4000 in deepwater, and particular well intervention and completion
' we have not one path for potential large-scale growth, but several.
Just compare Cal Dive's return on capital with our peer group.TWST: Thank you. (TM)OWEN KRATZ
Chairman & CEO
A.WADE PURSELL
SR. VP & CFO
MARTIN FERRON
President & COO
Cal Dive International, Inc.
400 N. Sam Houston Parkway East
Suite 400
Houston TX 77060-3500
(281) 618-0400
(281) 618-0501 - FAX
www.caldive.comEach Executive who is the featured subject of a TWST Interview is
offered the opportunity to include an Investors Brief or other highlight
material to be provided and sponsored by and for the company.Copyright 2001 The Wall Street Transcript Corporation
All Rights Reserved
Oil Services Equipment >> CEO Interview >> June 18, 2001
Owen Kratz
Owen Kratz
OWEN KRATZ is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Cal Dive
International, Inc. He was appointed Chairman in May 1998 and has served
as the company's Chief Executive Officer since April 1997. Mr. Kratz
served as President from 1993 until February 1999, and a Director since
1990. He served as Chief Operating Officer from 1990 through 1997... More










